(1) 失落
downcast: implies being overcome by shame, mortification, or loss of hope or confidence and an utter lack of cheerfulness: negative reviews left the actors feeling ~.


dispirited: implies extreme low-spiritedness and discouragement resulting from failure to accomplish what one wants or to achieve one's goal: ~, the doomed explorers resigned themselves to failure.


dejected: implies a sudden but often temporary severe loss of hope, courage, or vigor: a crushing defeat that left the team in a ~ mood.  


depressed: may imply either a temporary or a chronic low-spiritedness and may indicate a serious inability to be normally happy and active: ~ by his failure to the point of suicide.     depression抑郁，最严重的情绪低落



disconsolate: implies being inconsolable or very uncomfortable: ~ motorists leaning against their disabled car.     disconsolate和inconsolable是同义词，使用没有区别


woebegone: suggests a defeated, spiritless condition and emphasizes the impression of dejection and discouragement produced by facial expression, posture, and surroundings: a rundown, ~ motel on an empty back road.


downcast: 由于羞愧而低落，dispirited由于失败，dejected: 暂时的原因，depressed: 非常严重无法开心(引起自杀的抑郁症depression)，disconsolate: 难以安慰，woebegone: 落魄低落的姿态表情环境
 

记忆方法: 1) 首字母记忆5个D一个W，想象成武当5DoWn

          2) 失落的意思是情绪很低mean affected by or showing very low spirits.


(2) 绝望
despondent: implies a deep dejection arising from a conviction of the uselessness of further effort: ~ over the death of her father.


despairing: suggests the slipping away of all hope and often an accompanying despondency: ~ appeals for the return of the kidnapped boy.     slip away悄没声息地溜走，如aha, you can't slip away this time哈哈，这回你溜不掉了


desperate: implies such despair as prompts reckless action or violence in the face of anticipated defeat or frustration: one last ~ attempt to turn the tide of the war. （本义1、绝望到孤注一掷，如a desperate bid for freedom孤注一掷争取自由的努力 还表示2、极度希望，如I was desperate to see her/for a cigarette我极想见到她/抽支烟 3、严重severe，如in desperate need/shortage迫切需要/严重短缺） tide潮水潮流趋势，这里指扭转战局         in the face of面对


hopeless: suggests despair and the cessation of effort or resistance and often implies acceptance or resignation: the situation of the trapped miners is ~.


despondent绝望: 指因努力已无用(而绝望)，despairing绝望: 表示所有希望都已消失(dis表离开)，desperate绝望: 指绝望到孤注一掷铤而走险(reckless不顾后果 violence狂暴)，hopeless没有希望的: 不再抵抗认输


记忆方法: 1) 绝望的意思是失去所有希望mean having lost all or nearly all hope.       第一组强调"情绪低落"，第二组强调"失去希望"